World Oral Health Day 3/20/25
Yes, I Brush My Teeth… What Else?
Why Is Oral Health a Priority?
Oral health is a significant concern for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. AI/AN children and adults experience higher rates of dental decay than any other racial group in the United States. Structural inequalities, lack of accessible dental care, and a shortage of Indigenous dental professionals contribute to these disparities, particularly for those living on reservations.
In comparison to non-Hispanic White children, AI/AN children are twice as likely to have untreated cavities. Among adults, 83% of AI/AN individuals have reported tooth loss, compared to the national average of 66% in 2018. Furthermore, the number of AI/AN students applying to dental school has decreased drastically—from 92 applicants in 2006 to only 19 in 2021. Increasing the number of Indigenous dental professionals is crucial to addressing these disparities and ensuring culturally competent care.
Barriers to Oral Health Care
Oral health is influenced by economic and social conditions, which directly impact access to care. In 2014, over 2.4 million AI/AN individuals lived in areas with a shortage of dental health providers. The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed these disparities, emphasizing the urgent need for accessible and affordable dental services in Native communities.
The following statistics from CareQuest (published March 14, 2023) highlight key challenges:
Only 69% of AI/AN adults saw an oral health provider in the past year, compared to 79% of non-AI/AN individuals.
AI/AN individuals were 3.5 times more likely to seek emergency care for dental issues than non-Native adults.
39% of AI/AN adults reported that accessing dental care was difficult based on their location, compared to 24% of non-AI/AN individuals.
More than one in four AI/AN individuals (28%) rated their oral health as "fair," compared to 18% of non-AI/AN individuals.
More than half of AI/AN individuals reported being denied healthcare or oral health services due to discrimination.
What Does Poor Oral Health Look Like?
Poor oral health can lead to pain, infection, and long-term complications. Some common symptoms include:
Teeth Issues:
Tooth decay – cavities, sensitivity, or pain
Stained or discolored teeth – yellow or brown film
Visible tartar – hardened plaque on teeth
Gum Issues:
Bleeding gums – especially after brushing or flossing
Swollen or inflamed gums
Receding gums – gums pulling away from teeth
Other Warning Signs:
Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
Mouth sores, ulcers, or infections
Loose or shifting teeth
Jaw pain
Changes in tooth enamel
Practicing Good Oral Hygiene
Developing and maintaining proper oral hygiene habits can prevent many dental issues. Here’s what you can do:
Brushing Tips:
Brush twice a day for two minutes using fluoride toothpaste and a soft-bristled brush.
Clean all tooth surfaces, including the back teeth.
Angle your toothbrush at 45 degrees toward the gum line to remove plaque and bacteria.
Flossing & Additional Care:
Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth.
Use a water flosser or interdental brush if flossing is difficult.
Limit sugary drinks and snacks to reduce cavity risk.
Brush your tongue to prevent bacteria buildup.
Avoid smoking, as it contributes to gum disease and tooth loss.
Replace your toothbrush every 3 to 4 months.
Clean your toothbrush holder regularly with hot, soapy water.
Dental Support for AI/AN Communities
Several programs aim to improve dental care access and encourage Native representation in the field of dentistry:
1. American Indian Health Program (AIHP)
Provides medical and dental care to AI/AN communities in New York State.
Offers oral health education and preventive resources.
2. Society of American Indian Dentists (SAID)
A national nonprofit supporting Indigenous dentists and increasing their numbers.
Provides mentorship, tutoring, and resources for AI/AN students pursuing dentistry.
3. University at Buffalo's Native American Pre-Dental Student Gateway Program
Encourages Native American students to pursue dentistry.
Offers internships, hands-on clinical experiences, and application guidance.
4. Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy
Focuses on eradicating dental disease in children through preventive measures.
Provides oral health policy research and educational resources.
